Decking Calculator — Boards, Joists, Screws & Cost

16 in OC joists, 3/16 in gaps, minimal-waste board length suggestions.

Quick answer: Enter deck size and board width to get board count, joists at 16 in on center, a screw estimate and wood versus composite cost compared side by side.

📏 Measure twice: a wet 2×6 can measure 5.5 in today and shrink an eighth of an inch after drying — tape an actual board, and confirm the joist layout on paper before ordering a single board.

How to use

  1. Enter deck length and width in feet — length is the direction boards run.
  2. Confirm board width (5.5 in for nominal 6-in deck boards) and the 3/16-in gap.
  3. Pick a stock length, or read the minimal-waste suggestion in the output.
  4. Optional: edit the ballpark wood and composite per-sq-ft prices for the cost lines.

About this tool

Deck material lists go wrong in two places: a board width nobody verified and a joist layout nobody drew. This calculator takes deck length and width, your actual board width (5.5 inches for a nominal 6-inch deck board) and a 3/16-inch gap, then computes how many boards the field needs, which stock length — 12, 16 or 20 feet — leaves the least offcut waste per row, and how many boards per row you will seam. Joists come out at 16-inch on-center, screws use the tradesman 350-per-100-square-foot rule, and cost fields compare pressure-treated wood against composite at editable per-square-foot prices labeled as ballparks. Measure the real board width with a tape before ordering; wet lumber shrinks. Everything is computed locally.

FAQ

How much does a deck cost to build?
Ballpark DIY materials: pressure-treated wood runs $4–$8 per sq ft, composite $10–$15. Professionally built, expect roughly $15–$35 per sq ft in PT wood and $30–$60 in composite depending on railing, footings and height. The calculator compares material-only costs — labor is the big swing.
How far apart should deck joists be?
16 inches on-center is the standard for wood and most composite decking. Some composites require 12 inches OC, and diagonal board layouts call for it too — check your decking brand. The joist count here assumes the common 16-inch OC.
How many screws do I need for a deck?
The rule of thumb is about 350 screws per 100 sq ft — that is two screws per board per joist at 5.5-inch boards over 16-inch OC joists. The calculator applies it automatically; hidden-clip systems use fewer fasteners but cost more per clip.
How big should the gaps between boards be?
About 3/16 inch is standard for drainage. Wet pressure-treated lumber can be laid nearly tight because it shrinks as it dries; composite does not shrink, so follow the manufacturer gap. This tool plans the field using your actual board width plus the gap you enter.
Does a deck need a permit?
Almost always — most jurisdictions require permits, footings below frost depth and inspections for attached decks of any size. A permit also protects resale value. This tool does the material math; your building department does the paperwork.

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